TUBO DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKOLOGI BUDAYA PETANI KERAMBA JARING APUNG DI KAWASAN DANAU MANINJAU PROPINSI SUMATERA BARAT

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan menggambarkan bagaimana strategi petani Keramba Jaring Apung (selanjutnya disebut KJA) di Kawasan Danau Maninjau Provinsi Sumatera Barat dalam menghadapi tubo yaitu peristiwa kematian ikan secara massal di Danau Maninjau akibat keracunan. Pendekatan ekologi budaya  digunakan untuk menganalisis dan menjawab permasalahan penelitian. Penelitian menggunakan  metode kualitatitf dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka,  wawancara, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa  petani KJA menghadapi peristiwa tubo sebagai proses alam yang harus diterima sehingga mereka harus beradaptasi agar kehidupan ekonomi mereka dapat bertahan. Adaptasi petani KJA didasarkan pada pemahaman mereka terhadap lingkungan, tubo, teknologi yang ada, dan nilai-nilai religi yang mereka miliki. Dengan pendekatan ekologi budaya petani KJA mampu menghadapi perubahan alam dan teknologi sehingga mereka dapat tetap bertahan.

This work was intended to draw the strategy of the floating net cage farmers (Keramba Jaring Apung, KJA) in the Lake Maninjau in West Sumatera to deal with the ‘tubo’, a mass death of fish as a result of poison-laced bait. To analyze and answer the research question, therefore the research employed the cultural ecology approach. The research also used the qualitative method with the data collection by literature study, interviews, and observations. The study revealed that the farmers accepted the ‘tubo’ inevitably as a natural fact. As the consequence of it, they couldn’t help but adapted in order to survive economically. The adaptation process is based on their understanding of the environment, the ‘tubo’, the existing technology, and their religious values. They were able to adapt to natural and technological changes because of the ecological and cultural approaches they applied. As a result, they were able to survive