LEGENDA-LEGENDA KERAMAT DI KAWASAN SANCANG KABUPATEN GARUT (Studi tentang Kearifan Lokal)

Abstract

Abstrak

Dalam studi-studi kebudayaan, legenda menempati posisi yang cukup penting mengingat fungsi dan peranannya yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Melalui pengkajian terhadap legenda, akan diperoleh gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai kondisi sosial budaya suatu masyarakat, terkait sikap dan pandangan, serta perilaku ritualnya. Hutan Sancang yang berada di kawasan Garut Selatan, menyimpan banyak misteri legenda yang mempengaruhi sikap hidup masyarakat di sekitarnya. Pandangan-pandangan sakral mereka tentang hutan Sancang serta kebesaran leluhur mereka, Prabu siliwangi, telah melahirkan sikap yang memuliakan alam. Berbagai tabu atau pantangan adat lahir dari sikap dan pandangan sakral terhadap hutan dan karuhun. Penelitian ini mencoba mengkaji beberapa legenda yang hidup di kalangan masyarakat di kawasan hutan Sancang, terkait dengan legenda leluhur orang Sunda, Prabu Siliwangi, yang telah melahirkan kearifan lokal masyarakat setempat dalam menyikapi dan melestarikan lingkungan alamnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Melalui pendekatan ini, setiap fenomena sosial dan budaya yang didapati di lapangan dideskripsikan untuk kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori-teori yang sudah ada.

Abstract

In cultural studies, legends have very important position considering the importance of their roles and functions in the life of a society. By studying legends we can gain a comprehensive description of socio-cultural condition of a society in relation to their ritual attitudes, views and behaviours. The forest of Sancang, which is located in southern Garut, has many mystery legends that influence people of the surroundingareas. Their belief in the sanctity of Sancang and the majesty of their ancestor, Prabu (King) Siliwangi, has resulted in glorifying Mother Nature. It is reflected in various taboos that were formed on the basis of attitude towards the sanctity of forest and ancestors. This research tries to study some legends that live among the people living around the forest of Sancang, especially the ones that have something to do with the ancestor of the Sundanese, Prabu Siliwangi). The legends have guided the people to create their local wisdom in facing and preserving Mother Nature around them. The author conducted qualitative method with descriptive analytical approach, through which every socio-cultural phenomenon is described and analyzed.